UNIT 7
一．過去式 (一般動詞)
Past (回顧過去) Now (把握現在) Future (展望未來)
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句型變化 |
要點提示 |
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肯定句：主詞＋一般動詞過去式… 否定句：主詞＋didn’t＋原形動詞… 疑問句：Did+主詞＋原型動詞…? 答句：Yes, 代名詞＋did. No, 代名詞＋didn’t. Wh-問句：疑問詞＋did+主詞＋原型動詞…? |
1. 過去式表示發生在過去的動作或事件． 2. 過去式的肯定句中，動詞需用過去式． 3. 過去式助動詞用did. |
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例句 |
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(1) I cleaned my room yesterday. (我昨天整理我的房間．) (2) I did not / didn’t clean my room yesterday. (我昨天沒有整理我的房間．) (3) Amy: Did you go to the supermarket last Sunday? (你上禮拜天有沒有去超市？) Sue: Yes, I did. / I went to the supermarket last Sunday. (是，我上禮拜有去超市．) No, I didn’t. / I didn’t go to the supermarket last Sunday. (不，我上禮拜沒有去超市．) |
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規則 |
範例 |
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規則變化 |
在動詞的字尾加-ed． |
cook→cooked play→played |
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動詞的字尾為e，則直接加-d． |
close→closed like→liked |
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動詞的字尾若為子音加y，則去y，並在字尾加-ied． |
study→studied carry→carried |
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動詞的字尾若為「短母音＋字音」，則重複字尾加-ed． |
stop→stopped plan→planned |
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動詞若為多音節，重音在後面，且以子音結尾，則重複字尾加-ed． |
prefer→preferred |
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規則 |
範例 |
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字尾是「無聲子音」時，字尾的ed念【t】． |
work→worked practice→practiced drop→dropped |
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字尾是「有聲子音」或「母音」時，字尾的ed念【d】． |
live→lived enjoy→enjoyed try→tried end→ended |
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字尾的發音是【t】、【d】時，字尾的ed念【id】． |
want→wanted need→needed |
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不規則變化 |
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原形、過去式、過去分詞同形 |
原形、過去式同型 |
原形、過去式、過去分詞不同型 |
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cost→cost cut→cut hit→hit let→let |
beat→beat |
sing→sang swim→swam drink→drank steal→stole |
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即時演練
一． 克漏字填充：在空格中填入動詞的過去式
Yesterday was Sunday. It was a fine day. Mr. Lin, his wife, and their daughter, Lisa, were at home. Mr. Lin __________ (work) in the garden all morning. Mrs. Lin __________ (watch) some good movies on TV. Lisa __________ (read) a good novel. Their son, Tom, was not home. He was in the gym. He __________ (have) a good time there. He __________ (play) basketball with some of his friends. The Lin family all __________ (enjoy) the beautiful Sunday.
二． 依提示作答
【A】
1. Jerry did his homework last night. (改成否定句)
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2. Henry went to a movie with his girlfriend two weeks ago. (改成否定句)
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3. Mark lived in Taipei last year. (改成疑問句)
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4. The Lin family got up at seven yesterday morning. (改成疑問句)
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【B】What did Jane do yesterday?
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Swimming |
Washing her car |
Going to the bookstore |
Cooking dinner |
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X |
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X |
1. Did Jane go swimming yesterday?
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2. Did Jane cook dinner yesterday?
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二．Can和could的區別
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助動詞 |
使用時機 |
例句 |
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Can |
表示現在的能力 |
Mr. Wang is old. He cannot / can’t walk very fast. But when he was young, he could run as fast as a horse. (王先生老了．他無法走得很快．但他年輕時，他可以跑的跟馬一樣快．) |
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Could |
表示以往曾具有的能力 |
即時演練
依提示作答：將下列的句子改成過去式．
1. John can sing very well.
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2. Susan cannot type very fast.
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