一. 未來式
Past (回顧過去) now (把握現在) future (展望未來)
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句型變化 |
要點提示 |
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肯定句: 主詞+will+動詞原形… 否定句: 主詞+will+not+動詞原形… 疑問句: Will+主詞+動詞原形…? 答句: Yes, 代名詞+will. No, 代名詞+won’t. Wh-疑問句: 疑問詞+will+主詞+原形動詞…? |
1. 未來式表示尚未發生的動作或事件. 2. Will not = won’t 3. Will是助動詞, 後面動詞要用原形動詞. |
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例句 |
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(1) Jack will play the piano in an hour. (Jack 在一小時之內會彈鋼琴.) (2) Sam will not/won’t join the school team. (Sam將不會加入校隊.) Tim: Will John and Betty go to Japan next month? (John 和Betty下個月會去日本嗎?) (3) Sue: Yes, they will. (是的, 他們會.) No, they won’t. (不, 他們不會.) (4) Laura: Where will you visit this vacation? (這個假期你要去那裡?) Sam: I will go to Japan. (我將會去日本.) |
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即時演練
一. 依提示作答
1. When will Mary move to the USA? (請以「明年」作答)
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2. Tina and I will write a report about wild animals. (改成否定句)
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3. You will eat dinner at the restaurant tonight. (改成疑問句)
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二. Be going to 表未來的用法
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句型變化 |
要點提示 |
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肯定句: 主詞+be going to+動詞原形. 否定句: 主詞+be+not+going to+動詞原形. 疑問句: be動詞+主詞+going to+動詞原形…? 答句: Yes, 代名詞+be動詞. No, 代名詞+be動詞+not. Wh-疑問句: 疑問詞+be動詞+主詞+going to+原形動詞…? |
1. Be動詞依主詞人稱單複數變化. 2. 改疑問句時,將be動詞移置句首. 3. Be going to+原形動詞. |
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例句 |
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(1) Mary is going to make a new CD. (Mary將錄製一張新唱片.) (2) Mary is not going to make a new CD. (Mary將不會錄製一張新唱片.) (3) Tom: Is Mary going to make a new CD? (Mary將錄製一張新唱片嗎?) Wendy: Yes, she is. (是的, 她將會.) No, she isn’t. (不, 她將不會.) (4) Laura: What is Vicky going to do at four o’clock? (Vicky四點時要做什麼?) Sam: She is going to wash the car. (她將洗那部車.) |
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即時演練
依提示作答
1. Nancy writes a letter on Saturday. (改成be going to 未來式)
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2. Jack is going to work in the garden this afternoon. (改成否定句)
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3. Is it going to rain? (肯定詳答)
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4. Is Jane going to clean her room this weekend? (否定簡答)
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You Know What?
Will和be going to在使用的時機上仍然是有差別的. Will講的是預計中將發生的事情, be going to是用在較短的時間內打算要做什麼, 類似中文中的「即將、正要」.
三. 來去動詞的未來式
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來去動詞 |
句型 |
例句 |
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Go, come, visit, leave for… |
Be動詞+v-ing… (將……) |
(1) I’m going to Taipei. (我正要去台北.) (2) John is leaving for Japan tomorrow. (John用天將啟程前往日本) |
You Know What?
當見搭配未來式的時間副詞
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類型 |
範例 |
類型 |
範例 |
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This… |
This evening; this year This weekend; this month |
Next… |
Next Monday; next year; next weekend; next month |
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Tomorrow… |
Tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening/night |
In + 一段時間 |
In five minutes; in an hour; in two days; in a few weeks |
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其它 |
Tonight; the day after tomorrow; someday 「At+時間」或「on+日子」, 只要是尚未到的時間, 都可當未來時間副詞. |
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四. 搭乘交通工具的用法
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句型 |
例句 |
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主詞+take+交通工具+to+地方. 如take a plane/bus/ship/train |
The Wang family will take a plane to Taipei tomorrow. (王家明天將搭飛機去台北.) |
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主詞+ride/drive+交通工具+to+地方 如ride a bicycle/motorcycle/horse |
The prince rode a horse to the castle. (王子騎馬到了城堡.) |
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主詞+go to+地方+by+交通工具. By後面直接加交通工具,不須加a或the,而交通工具不加-s |
(1) The Wang family will go to Taipei by plane tomorrow. (王家明天將搭飛機去台北.) (2) The prince went to the castle by horse. (王子騎馬到了城堡.) |
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主詞+go to+地方+on/in+the/所有格+交通工具. 交通工具可為單數,也可為複數. On: bicycle, motorcycle, bus, train In: car, taxi. |
(1) I usually go to school on my bicycle. (我通常騎我的腳踏車去學校.) (2) I went to Taichung on a train. (我搭火車去台中.) |
即時演練
依提示作答: 請用take 與by 回答
1. How did Mr. Wang go to work yesterday? (用公車作答)
(1)_______________________________________________________________
(2)_______________________________________________________________
2. How do you go to Taipei every day? (用火車回答)
(1)_______________________________________________________________
(2)_______________________________________________________________
麻辣大彙整
一. 現在式, 過去式, 未來式
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現在式 |
過去式 |
未來式 |
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使用時機 |
1. 表不變的永恆真理. 2. 表現在的事實. 3. 表現在的習慣. |
1. 表發生在過去的動作. 2. 表過去的習慣. |
表未來即將發生的動作.
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基本句型 |
主詞+現在式動詞… |
主詞+過去式動詞… |
主詞+will+動詞… 主詞+be going to +動詞… |
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動詞變化 |
主詞為第三人稱單數時,動卜呞依下列規則變化: 1. 在動詞的字尾加-s 2. 動詞的字尾若為-ch, -s, -x, -sh或-o時, 字尾加-es. 3. 動詞的字尾若為「子音加y」, 則去y, 並在字尾加-ies. 4. 不規則變化. |
過去式動詞的形成規則: 1. 在動詞的字尾加-ed. 2. 動詞的字尾有e, 則直接加-d. 3. 動詞的字尾若為子音加y, 則去y, 並在字尾加-ied. 4. 動詞的字尾若為「短母音+子」音, 則重複字尾加-ed. 5. 動詞為多音節, 且重音在後面, 且以子音結尾, 則重複字尾加-ed. 6. 不規則變化. |
1. 在動詞前面加助動詞will或be going to, 動詞用原形動詞. 2. 動詞為來去動詞時, 將動詞改為「be + V-ing」的形式. |
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常用的時間副詞 |
1. Every… 2. Now |
1. Last… 2. Yesterday morning/afternoon/evening 3. …ago, before |
1. Next… 2. Tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening |
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進行式的動詞變化 |
Be (am/are/is) + V-ing |
Be (was/were) + V-ing |
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完成式的動詞變化 |
Have/has + V-ed |
Had + V-ed |
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被動式的動詞變化 |
Be (am/are/is) + V-ed |
Be (was/were) + V-ed |
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二. There is/are 與未來式
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句型變化 |
例句 |
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肯定句: There will be… 疑問句: Will there be…? 答句: Yes, there will be. No, there won’t be. |
(1) There will be an important game here next week. (下星期這裡會有一場重要的比賽.) (2) Will there be a party at your house this evening? (今晚你家會有宴會嗎?) |
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肯定句: There is/are going to… 疑問句: Are/Is there going to…? 答句: Yes, there is/are. No, there isn’t/aren’t. |
(1) There is going to be a heavy rain tonight. (今晚將會有一場大雨.) (2) Is there going to be a storm here? (這裡將會有一場暴風雨嗎?) |
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